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The first year of varsity hockey at both Princeton and Cornell occurred during the 1900-01 season. Coincidentally, the first-ever meeting on the ice between these programs took place at the end of their respective inaugural seasons on Saturday, March 2, 1901. Princeton became a member of the Intercollegiate Hockey Association of America upon inception and had played a full schedule against those conference opponents as well as other hockey clubs and schools. Princeton lost to Brown the night beforehand in New York City in the conference semifinals. Cornell had also played the night before when they were victorious over Pennsylvania. Their program was considered an Independent that would eventually gain membership into that conference prior to the 1909-10 season.

This first hockey game between the schools took place on neutral ice at the West Park Ice Palace in Philadelphia (that would meet its demise in a fire later that year.) Going into the game, Princeton was sporting a 7-5 record while Cornell had two games under its belt without a loss. Cornell jumped out to a 2-0 lead by halftime as there were two halves played during this era of hockey. The Ithacans – as Princeton referred to them at the time – held a 4-0 lead until the final minutes of the game when Princeton was able to net two goals and prevent a shutout. It wasn’t enough as Cornell won the first hockey game between these programs 4-2 and ended its first season with a perfect 3-0 record.

Starting lineups for Princeton and Cornell for the first-ever hockey game between these programs March 2, 1901.

The Cornell and Princeton’s men’s hockey teams will meet tonight at Hobey Baker Rink in Princeton, New Jersey. It will be the 164th game in this series that dates back almost 124 years.

Photo Credit: 1900-01 Cornell Team Photo, The 1901 Cornellian Yearbook. Secondary photo: Daily Princetonian, Vol. XXVI, No. 3, March 4, 1901

On November 13, 1921, the Intercollegiate Athletic Association passed a rule that hockey teams were to reduce the number of players on the ice per team from seven to six. The rule took effect in the upcoming 1921-22 season. Several teams had already shifted to six-man hockey yet others had remained with seven. This rule change set to ensure that all teams were on the same page in order to avoid confusion about which set of rules would be used for each game. The National Hockey League had previously adopted this rule change in 1911 when it was known as the National Hockey Association. It was a success with players and fans. More than one hundred years later, hockey at all levels is still a six-man game (counting five players and goalie for each team on the ice).

An article in the December 1, 1921, edition of the Daily Princetonian stated that the Intercollegiate Athletic Association had passed the rule. This was the original name of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) when it formed in 1906. However, the association had changed its name in 1910 to the current version we all know at this time. Making things even murkier, an article in the November 15, 1921, edition of the Daily Princetonian stated that it was the new Intercollegiate Ice Hockey Association of America that passed this rule. This was likely a misprint because the same paragraph later stated that the association was a league that included soccer and basketball and was created to pass rules and decide upon officials. The Princeton hockey team had previously played within the Intercollegiate Hockey Association of America but that league disbanded in 1913 and the team was a part of the Triangular Hockey League with Harvard and Yale in 1921. Clear as mud, right?

Our view here at College Hockey History is that Princeton and other teams brought their hockey, basketball and soccer programs under the umbrella of the NCAA on November 13, 1921, and it was at that time that official rules for hockey games were solidified.

Article from the November 15, 1921, issue of the Daily Princetonian
Article from the November 15, 1921, issue of the Daily Princetonian

The aforementioned rule change was the most significant rule passed that day for college hockey but it wasn’t the only rule decided that day for the sport. For instance, it was decided that player substitutions should only be made when the puck was dead. This rule didn’t last long because it was Harvard that created the first line change during game play in 1923 that was quickly adopted by other teams after witnessing its success. An important rule solidified the duration of games. It would now be standard that games would consist of three periods that each lasted fifteen minutes. If the game ended in a tie, the teams would have two overtime periods of five minutes to determine a winner. Lastly, it was agreed upon that all members of the team would wear numbered sweaters in the same fashion as the players in football.

This was a monumental moment in college hockey. Long gone were the days of determining the rules on the rink before a game started. Now there was a governing body that would do that for them. And with the onset of these new rules, the game at that time made a huge leap towards the game of hockey as we know it today.

Hobey Baker from a March 2, 1914 issue of the Daily Princetonian

It would be a disservice if the first person to appear within a College Hockey History post wasn’t Hobey Baker. Considered one of the best athletes of his time and the first great American hockey player, Hobey Baker was a three-sport athlete for Princeton between 1911 and 1914. He captained both the hockey and football teams and led them to national championships. The Hobey Baker Award was created in 1981 to be awarded to the most outstanding college hockey player each year. The accompanying photo is from a March 2, 1914, publication of the Daily Princetonian announcing his retirement from college hockey shortly before he graduated. More information about Hobey Baker can be found within his write-up in our U.S. College Hockey History summary.